> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.agrihub360.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Device Standards

> The radio, data model and hardware standards AgriHub360 devices follow.

AgriHub360 devices and the Device API follow open standards where one exists, so a device built or bought elsewhere can post readings without an adapter written for it alone.

## Radio

| Standard                     | How it's used                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **LoRaWAN**                  | The AgriHub360 Sensor and third-party LoRaWAN probes reach a gateway over LoRaWAN. [Map a LoRaWAN Uplink](/devices/map-a-lorawan-uplink) covers decoding an uplink from your own network server. |
| **Regional frequency plans** | Europe uses EU868 and North America US915. Both limit airtime, so sensors report every 15 minutes or slower.                                                                                     |

## Data Model

The AgriHub360 device model maps onto the **OGC SensorThings API**, the open standard for internet-connected sensors. The mapping is what lets a SensorThings-aware system read AgriHub360 devices without a custom translation.

| SensorThings     | AgriHub360                                              |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| Thing            | A device, claimed on a farm                             |
| Location         | The field the device is assigned to                     |
| Sensor           | The probe or channel on the device                      |
| ObservedProperty | An entry in the metric catalogue, such as soil moisture |
| Datastream       | One device posting one metric                           |
| Observation      | A reading: device, metric, value, server timestamp      |

Above the sensor layer, the farm entities follow the **FIWARE Smart Agrifood** data models: a field is an AgriParcel, a field's record an AgriParcelRecord, a soil sample AgriSoil, a pest observation AgriPest, and the weather for a field WeatherObserved.

## Units

Every metric in the catalogue carries one unit, and a reading is stored in that unit without conversion. Units are SI or the agronomic convention for the quantity: degrees Celsius, percent volumetric water content, millisiemens per centimetre, pH, millimetres of rain, kilometres per hour of wind.

## Hardware

The AgriHub360 Sensor is an open device: [Open Hardware](/devices/open-hardware) lists its modules and how to repair it. A device is never tied to AgriHub360's servers by anything other than the API key it holds.